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ATTACHMENT B <br /> U <br /> BREAKPOINT CHLORINATION <br /> Destruction of <br /> ,chloramines and Formation of free chlorine and <br /> chloro-organic ! presence of chloro-organic <br /> compounds compounds not destroyatl <br /> j Destruction! <br /> t of chlorine: a\ <br /> b <br /> residual <br /> j by reducing, Formation of chloro-organic <br /> t compounds; compounds and chloramines o` v <br /> I-B Lco� <br /> 2 F� S <br /> a <br /> o ¢s P <br /> g <br /> c°F & <br /> E <br /> A t o <br /> _ice <br /> 0 0 <br /> Chlorine added <br /> Generalized curve obtained during breakpoint chlorination. <br /> Chlorine is added to wastewater for disinfection. Due to the ammonia and <br /> organic matter in wastewater, the amount of free and combined chlorine remaining <br /> in the wastewater after chlorination (residual chlorine) is not equal to the <br /> amount added. The figure above is a graph of chlorine added to wastewater (on <br /> the horizontal axis) versus the chlorine residual remaining in the wastewater. <br /> As chlorine is first added to wastewater in low dosage (from A to B on the <br /> curve) the residual chlorine increases. This is due to the formation of a <br /> combined residual , made of chloramines (compounds of chlorine and ammonia) and <br /> chloro-organics (compounds of chlorine and organic matter) at Point B, however <br /> the residual chlorine begins to decrease as more chlorine is added. This <br /> apparent contradiction is a result of the oxidation powers of chlorine breaking <br /> down the combined residual . This decreasing residual continues until Point C, <br /> the "Breakpoint". Here, the chlorine added remains in solution as free chlorine <br /> and the residual again begins to use. <br /> At Breakpoint, adding more or less chlorine results in an increase in the <br /> residual chlorine. <br /> DTW:jec <br />