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Clayton ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS pumping (or bailing) and surging until water turbidity and specific conductance stabilize. In some cases, where wells are installed in low permeability formations and the wells purge dry, the well is allowed to recover and is purged dry three times. Clean tap water is introduced into the well if it does not recover rapidly enough. Pending results by laboratory analysis, purge water from well development and sampling is placed into DOT-approved drums, labeled with the name of the site, address, well number, and left at the site. Uncontaminated water may be disposed of by the client. Water found to contain levels of contaminants above local or state action levels requires that the client dispose of it in accordance with hazardous waste requirements. At the client's request, we can assist with the disposal of contaminated purge water. GROUNDWATER SAMPLING To collect a representative sample of the groundwater, stagnant water within the well casing and filter material must be purged and fresh aquifer water allowed to replace it. The water is purged from the well by pumping or bailing at least three well volumes. Well volumes are calculated by measuring depth to groundwater to the nearest 0.01 foot upon arrival at the well before any purging has begun. Groundwater samples are collected only after purging has been of sufficient duration for pH, temperature, and electrical conductivity to stabilize. When purging low-yield wells, the wells are purged to dryness. When the well recovers to 80% of the depth measured upon arrival, samples are collected. Field sampling logs maintained for each well include: • Monitoring well identification • Static water level, before and after pumping • Well depth • Condition of water prior to purging (e.g., amount of free product) • Purge rate and volume • pH, temperature, and conductivity during purging • Time purged • Time of sample collection • Sampling method • Name of sampler • Climatic conditions Water samples are collected using clean teflon bailers. All equipment that contacts samples is thoroughly cleaned before arrival at the site and between sampling events. Water is collected in clean laboratory-supplied containers, labeled, placed immediately into an ice chest pre-cooled to 4°C, and transported to Clayton's laboratory for analysis. One trip blank will be furnished in accordance with our quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) program. All samples are collected in such a manner so as to minimize the volatilization of a sample due to agitation and/or transfer from bailer to sample container. Samples are collected so that contaminants most sensitive to volatilization are sampled first. protocol.rep 3