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Industrial Services Standard ASTM C-150: Portland cement product standards are set forth in the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) C-150. This standard or specification has been around in its present form(more or less) since 1940. Prior to ASTM C-150,the ASTM published earlier specifications for Portland cement dating back to ASTM's founding in 1889. ASTM C-150 covers all types of Portland cements with two types of specifications or standards: one governing chemical composition and the other addressing physical properties. Both standards must be met in order for the cement manufactured to be considered Portland cement. ASTM C- 150 also contains 13 test methods for testing the chemical and physical properties of the Portland cement. These test methods are very specialized, with very few qualified laboratories capable of performing most or all the tests. Generally speaking, there are only a few laboratories nationally (other than the quality control laboratories at the manufacturing plants) that have the equipment and expertise necessary to conduct the tests as specified by ASTM C-150. The Portland cement made during our test does meet ASTM C-150 specifications. Recycling Criteria: One listed criterion for recycling involves whether the product manufactured with the recyclable material has a market and existing economic value. The market for Portland cement is clearly established because cement manufacturers operate at or close to full capacity, selling all product produced. Acceptable Quantities: Other criteria address the quantity of use: either the use of excess ARMs or insufficient use of the ARMs. KIS believes these criteria do not apply because the quantity of use of the ARMs is dependent on the iron, alumina and silica content. If a Portland cement manufacturer uses too much of any raw material, including ARMs in their raw mix, they will produce a final product (Portland cement)that will not meet the chemical specification of ASTM: C-150 and will not be a commercially viable product. From a Portland cement quality point of view, there is no such term as using an "insufficient" amount of ARMs. Again,ARMs are used for their iron, alumina, and silica content. If a Portland cement manufacturer were to use an"insufficient" amount,they would produce a Portland cement that would not be marketable because it would not meet ASTM C-150 unless they added additional materials high in iron, alumina, and silica to bring the raw mix up to company standards. This, in fact, is now what Portland cement manufacturers do. Because there is simply not enough ARMs available to manufacture a specification Portland cement using all spent abrasive as an iron, alumina, and silica replacement, they use it as a supplement to more costly ores. For Portland cement manufacturers, there is an economic advantage to use as much ARMs as possible to produce a specification product because the generators often pay the kilns to use it. 5 0 O a k C t . S u i t e 2 1 0 D a n v i l l e C A 9 4 5 2 6 P h o n e : 9 2 5 . 8 3 1 . 9 8 0 0 - F a x : 9 2 5 . 8 3 1 . 9 1 8 3 C:\KIS DOCS\Cement_Kilns\Demonstration_Testing_13'\NC140205-02_Demo_Test_for_Distribution.doc 2