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III. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigations G. Air Quality Regulation of toxic air contaminants(TACs),termed Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs)under federal regulations,is achieved through federal and state controls on individual sources. Federal law defines HAPs as non-criteria air pollutants with short-term(acute)and/or long-term (chronic or carcinogenic) adverse human health effects. The 1977 CAA Amendments required the EPA to identify National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants(NESHAPs)to protect public health and welfare. NESHAPs were established for benzene,vinyl chloride,inorganic arsenic, beryllium, mercury,asbestos,radionuclides,and coke oven gas. The establishment of NESHAPs failed to result in substantial reductions of the emissions of HAPs,however. The 1990 CAA Amendments offer a comprehensive plan for achieving significant reductions in both mobile and stationary source emissions of HAPs. A total of 189 air pollutants have been designated HAPs because of their adverse human health effects. Title III of the 1990 CAA Amendments deals exclusively with HAPs. All sources of HAPs will be required to obtain an operating permit under Title V of the Amendments. State The Air Resources Board(ARB),California's state air quality management agency,regulates mobile emissions sources, and oversees the activities of County Air Pollution Control Districts (APCDs) and regional Air Quality Management Districts(AQMDs). The ARB regulates local air quality indirectly by having established State Ambient Air Quality Standards(SAAQS)and vehicle emission standards,by conducting research activities, and by planning and coordinating activities. California has adopted ambient standards for the criteria air pollutants that are more stringent than the federal standards. The California Clean Air Act(CCAA),passed in 1988, calls for the establishment of a program to secure air quality data for each Air Basin in the State,and to inventory and monitor air pollutants. Under the California Clean Air Act,patterned after the federal Act,areas have been designated as attainment or nonattainment with respect to the state ambient air quality standards(SAAQS). The San Joaquin Valley has been designated as non- attainment for 03 and PMIO. Unlike the federal classification, 03 and PMIO are categorized as "serious," with respect to the state air quality standards (Kwong, 1993). SJVAB has been required by the CCAA to develop an air quality attainment plan(AQAP)in order to meet attainment status for the nonattainment criteria pollutants. The SJVUAPCD accordingly has developed an Air Quality Attainment Plan that describes the strategies to reach i III.G.3