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Section 4 First Aid Measures (Continue)
<br /> Chronic Effects by components (Continue
<br /> • Chromium: The health hazards associated with exposure to chromium are dependent upon its oxidation state. The metal form (chromium as it
<br /> exists in this product) is of very low toxicity. However, the hexavalent form is very toxic, repeated or prolonged exposure to hexavalent chromium
<br /> compounds may cause respiratory irritation, nosebleed, ulceration and perforation of the nasal septum. Industrial exposure to certain forms of
<br /> hexavalent chromium has been related to an increased incidence of cancer. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) Fourth Annual report on
<br /> Carcinogens cites "certain Chromium compounds" as human carcinogens. American Conference of Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) has reviewed
<br /> the toxicity data and concluded that chromium metal is not classifiable as a human carcinogen. Hexavalent chromium may cause genetic defects
<br /> and is suspected of damaging the unborn child . Developmental toxicity in the mouse, suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child.
<br /> • Nickel: Exposure to nickel dusts and fumes can cause sensitization dermatitis, respiratory, irritation, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, edema, and may
<br /> cause nasal or lung cancer in humans. Causes damage to lungs through prolonged or repeated inhalation exposure. IARC lists nickel and certain
<br /> nickel compounds as Group 213 carcinogens (sufficient animal data) . ACGIH lists insoluble nickel compounds as confirmed human carcinogens .
<br /> Suspected of damaging the unborn child.
<br /> • Manganese : Chronic exposure to high concentrations of manganese fumes and dusts may adversely affect the central nervous system with
<br /> symptoms including languor, sleepiness, weakness, emotional disturbances, spastic gait, mask-like facial expression and paralysis. Animal studies
<br /> indicate that manganese exposure may in increase susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections. Occupational overexposure (Manganese) is a
<br /> progressive, disabling neurological syndrome that typically begins with relatively mild symptoms and evolves to include altered gait, fine tremor,
<br /> and some tiines -psychiatric disturbances . May cause damage to lungs with repeated or prolonged exposure.
<br /> • Copper: Inhalation of high concentrations of freshly formed oxide fumes and dusts of copper can cause metal fume fever. Chronic inhalation of
<br /> copper dust has caused, in animals, hemolysis of the red blood cells, deposition of hemofuscin in the liver and pancreas, injury to lung cells
<br /> gastrointestinal symptoms.
<br /> • Molybdenum : Certain handling operations , such as burning and welding, may generate both insoluble molybdenum compounds (metal
<br /> and molybdenum dioxide) and soluble molybdenum compounds (molybdenum trioxide) . Molybdenum compounds generally exhibit a
<br /> low order of toxicity with the trioxide the more toxic . However, some reports indicate that the dust of the molybdenum metal ,
<br /> molybdenum dioxide and molybdenum trioxide may cause eye, skin, nose and throat irritation in animals . Also has been reported to cause
<br /> induction of tumors in experimental animals , suspected of causing cancer. Molybdenum oxide is suspected of causing cancer in humans .
<br /> • Silicon : Silicon dusts are a low health risk by inhalation and should be heated as a nuisance dust. Eye contact with pure material can
<br /> cause particulate irritation . Skin contact with silicon dusts may cause physical abrasion.
<br /> • Aluminum : Chronic inhalation of finely divided powder has been reported to cause pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema . Repeated skin
<br /> contact has been associated with bleeding into the tissue, delayed hypersensitivity and granulomas . Chronic exposure to aluminum flake
<br /> has been reported to cause pneumoconiosis in workers . Repeat oral exposure to aluminum results in decrements in neurobehavioral
<br /> function and development .
<br /> • Vanadium : Is considered non-toxic . Excessive long tern or repeated exposures to vanadium compounds, especially vanadium pentoxide ,
<br /> may result in chronic pulmonary changes such as emphysema or bronchitis . Vanadium pentoxide is suspected of damaging fertility or the
<br /> unborn child . Vanadium pentoxide is fatal if swallowed or inhaled. It causes damage to lungs by single, repeated or prolonged exposure .
<br /> • Boron : Boron oxide dusts and fumes may cause upper respiratory tract and eye irritation, dryness of the mouth, nose or throat, and sore
<br /> throat and productive cough .
<br /> • Tungsten : Tungsten has been shown to act by antagonizing the action of the essential trace element, Molybdenum . Tungsten metal
<br /> powder administered to animals has been shown in several studies as not totally inert. One study found that guinea pigs treated orally or
<br /> intravenously with tungsten suffered from anorexia, colic , incoordination of movement, trembling, dyspnea and weight loss . Long
<br /> industrial experience has indicated no pneumoconiosis to develop among workers exposed solely to tungsten or its insoluble compounds
<br /> (at air concentrations of the order of 5 mg/ms) . In NIOSH 's criteria document, two Russian studies were cited which indicated and
<br /> incidence of 9 - 11 % pulmonary fibrosis among employees exposed to tungsten without cobalt co-exposure.
<br /> • Titanium : There is no evidence of a health hazard from inhalation of titanium dioxide at airborne concentrations below 10 mg/1113 . Rats
<br /> (but not mice) exposed to ultrafine TiO2 particles at 10 mg/m3 developed lung tumors ; probably results from inhibited particle clearance
<br /> from lung. The toxicity of titanium dioxide has been found to be relatively inert. Eye contact with pure material can cause particulate
<br /> irritation . Skin contact with titanium dusts may cause physical abrasion Long-term inhalation exposure to high concentrations (over-
<br /> exposure) to pneumoconiotic agents may act synergistically with inhalation of oxides, fumes or dusts of this product to cause toxic
<br /> effects .
<br /> Carcinogenicity : IARC , NTP , and OSHA do not list steel products as carcinogens . IARC identifies nickel and certain nickel compounds and
<br /> welding fumes as Group 2B carcinogens that are possibly carcinogenic to humans . ACGIH lists insoluble nickel compounds as confirmed human
<br /> carcinogens . IARC lists chromium metal and trivalent chromium compounds as Group 3 carcinogens , not classifiable as to their human
<br /> carcinogenicity. Hexavalent chromium compounds are listed by IARC as Group I carcinogens that are carcinogenic to humans . NTP Fourth
<br /> Annual report on Carcinogens cites "certain Chromium compounds " as human carcinogens . ACGIH has reviewed the toxicity data and concluded
<br /> that chromium metal is not classifiable as a human carcinogen . Medical Conditions Aggravated by Long-Term Exposure : Individuals with chronic
<br /> respiratory disorders (i . e . , asthma, chronic bronchitis , emphysema , etc . ) may be adversely affected by any fume or airborne particulate matter
<br /> exposure. SARA Potential Hazard Categories : Immediate Acute Health Hazard; Delayed Chronic Health Hazard
<br /> Section 5Fire and Explosion Hazard Information
<br /> Suitable Extinguishing Media : Not applicable for solid product. Use extinguishers appropriate for surrounding materials. For fine, use a Type- D fire
<br /> extinguisher or table salt to control small fires. Stainless steel will generate fine turnings, chips or dust. Warning: May Form Combustible (Explosive) Dust -
<br /> Air Mixtures. Keep away from all ignition sources including heat, sparks, and flame. Keep container closed and grounded. Prevent dust accumulations to
<br /> minimize explosion hazard.
<br /> Specific Hazards arising from the chemical : Not applicable for solid product.
<br /> Explosion Hazard : Accumulated metal dust can be combustible. Avoid creating dust.
<br /> Rev. Date May - 2015 3 PSM -SDS-SS
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