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4.1 – Air Quality Draft Environmental Impact Report February 2021 14800 W. Schulte Road Logistics Center 4.1-31 Yard Trucks Industrial warehouse building operation may require cargo-handling equipment to move empty containers and empty chassis to and from the various pieces of equipment that receive and distribute containers, which is commonly done by yard trucks. Yard trucks, which are also called yard goats, utility tractors, hustlers, yard hostlers, and yard tractors, were reported at the majority of the 34 high cube warehouses in the SCAQMD Survey, with an average usage of 3.6 hostlers per million square feet of building area (SCAQMD 2014). The 3.6 hostlers per million square feet of building area was applied to the Project, with the Project totaling one yard truck. The yard truck was assumed to be diesel-powered and 200 horsepower, and would operate 4 hours per day, 365 days per year. CalEEMod was used to estimate emissions from the yard truck. Stationary Sources (Fire Pump and Fuel Storage) The Project would operate one 351-horsepower Clarke John Deere JU6H-UFADD0 Tier 3 diesel-fueled fire pump and diesel fuel storage tank. The fuel storage tank would hold a maximum capacity of 133.40 gallons of diesel fuel. Although use of the fire pump during an emergency is not included in the emissions inventory because that would be speculative, emissions associated with testing and maintenance of the fire pump are included. The fire pump was assumed to be tested for 1 hour per day, 50 hours per year. CalEEMod was used to estimate emissions from the fire pump testing and maintenance. EPA TANKS 4.0.9d was used to estimate emissions from the diesel fuel storage tank. Carbon Monoxide Hotspots Mobile source impacts occur on two scales of motion: regionally and locally. Regionally, travel related to the Project would add to regional trip generation and increase vehicle miles traveled within the local airshed and the SJVAB. Locally, traffic generated by the Project would be added to the County’s roadway system near the Project site. If such traffic occurs during periods of poor atmospheric ventilation, is composed of a large number of vehicles cold-starting and operating at pollution-inefficient speeds, and is operating on roadways already congested with non-Project traffic, there would be the potential for the formation of microscale CO hotspots in the area immediately around points of congested traffic. In addition to the numerous factors that would need to be present for a CO hotspot to occur, the potential for CO hotspots in the SJVAB is steadily decreasing because of the continued improvement in vehicular emissions at a rate faster than the rate of vehicle growth and/or congestion, and the already very low ambient CO concentrations. Furthermore, CO transport is extremely limited and disperses rapidly with distance from the source. Under certain extreme meteorological conditions, however, CO concentrations near a congested roadway or intersection may reach unhealthy levels, affecting sensitive receptors such as residents, children, hospital patients, and older adults. Typically, high CO concentrations are associated with roadways or intersections operating at an unacceptable LOS. Projects contributing to adverse traffic impacts may result in the formation of CO hotspots. The 2015 SJVAPCD Guidance states that a quantitative CO hotspots analysis be performed if either of the following two conditions exist: a traffic study for a project indicates that the LOS on one or more streets or at one or more intersections in the project vicinity would worsen to LOS E or F, or a traffic study indicates that the project would substantially worsen an already existing LOS F on one or more streets or at more or more intersections in the project vicinity (SJVAPCD 2015a). Operational Health Risk Assessment CARB’s Air Quality and Land Use Handbook encourages consideration of the health impacts of distribution centers that accommodates more than 100 trucks per day on sensitive receptors sited within 1,000 feet from the source in the land use decision-making process (CARB 2005). For the operational health risk, the operation year 2022 was assumed