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Administrative Draft Environmental Impact Report Gill Medical Center Project SJVAPCD-approved dust control plan describing all fugitive dust control measures that are to be implemented before, during, and after any dust-generating activity. With minimal site grading and conformance with SJVAPCD Regulation VIII, dust from the construction of the Project would not add significantly to the existing exposure level of people to this fungus, including construction workers. Related impacts are less than significant. Operational Air Contaminants Operation of the Proposed Project would not result in the development of any substantial sources of air toxics. There are no stationary sources associated with the operations of the Project; nor would the Project attract large numbers of heavy-duty trucks that spend long periods queuing and idling at the site. Onsite Project emissions would not result in significant concentrations of pollutants at nearby sensitive receptors. Therefore, the Project would not be a source of TACs and there would be no impact as a result of the Project during operations.The Project would not have a high carcinogenic or non-carcinogenic risk during operation. Related impacts are less than significant. Carbon Monoxide Hot Spots It has long been recognized that CO exceedances are caused by vehicular emissions, primarily when idling at intersections. Concentrations of CO are a direct function of the number of vehicles, length of delay, and traffic flow conditions. Under certain meteorological conditions, CO concentrations close to congested intersections that experience high levels of traffic and elevated background concentrations may reach unhealthy levels, affecting nearby sensitive receptors. Given the high traffic volume potential, areas of high CO concentrations, or"hot spots," are typically associated with intersections that are projected to operate at unacceptable levels of service during the peak commute hours. It has long been recognized that CO hotspots are caused by vehicular emissions, primarily when idling at congested intersections. However, transport of this criteria pollutant is extremely limited, and CO disperses rapidly with distance from the source under normal meteorological conditions. Furthermore, vehicle emissions standards have become increasingly more stringent in the last 20 years. In 1993, much of the state was designated nonattainment under the CAAQS and NAAQS for CO. Currently, the allowable CO emissions standard in California is a maximum of 3.4 grams/mile for passenger cars (there are requirements for certain vehicles that are more stringent).With the turnover of older vehicles, introduction of cleaner fuels, and implementation of increasingly sophisticated and efficient emissions control technologies, CO concentration across the entire state is now designated as attainment. Detailed modeling of Project- specific CO "hot spots" is not necessary and thus this potential impact is addressed qualitatively. A CO "hot spot"would occur if an exceedance of the state one-hour standard of 20 parts per million (ppm) or the eight-hour standard of 9 ppm were to occur.A study conducted in Los Angeles County by the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) is helpful in showing the amount of traffic necessary to result in a CO Hotspot.The SCAQMD analysis prepared for CO attainment in the SCAQMD's 1992 Federal Attainment Plan for Carbon Monoxide in Los Angeles County and a Modeling and Attainment Demonstration prepared by the SCAQMD as part of the 2003 Air Quality Management Plan can be used to demonstrate the potential for CO exceedances of these standards.The SCAQMD conducted a CO hot spot analysis as part of the 1992 CO Federal Attainment Plan at four busy intersections in Los Angeles Air Quality 4.5-23 October 2021