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June 1,2005 NOA Project Number: E05058A The U.C.Davis Extension Toxicology Network(EXTOXNET)web site" was consulted for additional information on these chemicals According to EXTOXNET,Trifluralin is a selective,pre-emergence dinitroaniline herbicide classified as an RUP by the EPA because of its high toxicity to aquatic organisms. This chemical is practically non-toxic to test animals by oral,dermal or inhalation routes of exposure.Trifluralin is of moderate to high persistence in soil and is nearly insoluble in water,mostly absorbing into the soil sediments and particulates in the water column.Therefore,it is unlikely to leach into the groundwater. According to EXTOXNET,Methomyl is a broad spectrum insecticide classified as an RUP by the EPA because of its high acute toxicity to humans. Methomyl is highly soluble in water,has a soil half-life of 33 days,and its adsorption to soil particles is weak to moderate. Consequently, methomyl has been identified as a potential groundwater contaminant. According to EXTOXNET, Chlorpyrifos is a broad-spectrum organophosphate insecticide classified as an RUP by the EPA because of its moderate toxicity to humans. Chlorpyrifos is moderately persistent in soils with a soil half-life of 60 to 100 days. It is considered unstable in water, its primary loss from water is suspected to be due to volatilization. It is therefore,unlikely to leach into groundwater. Poisoning from chlorpyrifos in humans may affect the respiratory, cardiovascular and central nervous system. It is also a skin and eye irritant.Agricultural and aquatic uses of this chemical pose a grave hazard to birds,honeybees and aquatic organisms. According to EXTOXNET, C,ubQuran is a broad spectrum carbamate pesticide. Liquid formulations of this chemical have been classified as RUPs because of their acute oral and inhalation toxicity to humans. Carbofuran is slightly to very mobile in soil (depending on the soil type) and has a half-life in soil of 30 to 120 days. It is soluble in water and has a high potential for groundwater contamination. According to EXTOXNET,Paraquat is an RUP and a highly toxic compound in EPA toxicity class I. The chemical is highly persistent in the soil environment,with reported field half-lives of greater than 1000 days. According to EXTOXNET,Permethrin is a moderately to practically non-toxic pesticide in EPA toxicity class II or III,but is listed as an RUP because of its possible adverse effects on aquatic organisms. Permethrin is of low to moderate persistence in the soil environment,with reported half-lives of 30 to 38 days. 11 University of California,Davis,2004,Extension Toxicology Network(EXTOXNET), http://extoxnet.orst.edu/ghindex.html. 10