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Manure Management & Fly Control Purpose of the program: By diligently following reasonable guidelines for manure management and fly control the following benefits can he realized: The elimination of successful fly breeding and Incubation. Reduction in the spread of disease and bacterial organisms that can cause disease among the ducks and personnel caring for the ducks. Reduction of unpleasant odors that will attract flies and promote fly breeding. No contribution to excess fly population which is a public nuisance. Creation of a more pleasant work environment for the caretaker personnel. Lower mortality rates among the ducks. Reduced environmental impact. A generally cleaner, healthier environment, which contributes to the production of a healthier product. The Problem: The common housefly is attracted to its natural foods and breeding grounds, which consist of animal manure, dead animals, ferment vegetation, and garbage. The fly lays its eggs in this same medium, thus providing the larvae with adequate food for its 6 to 10 day egg/larvae/pupa cycle. The adult female housefly will deposit between 75 and 100 eggs with each lay. These eggs hatch within 12 to 24 hours into tiny larvae or maggots. In 4 to 6 days the larvae migrate to the drier parts of the breeding medium and pupate. The pupa stage may vary in duration, but generally is about 3 days. When the adult emerges from the pupa it crawls around rapidly while the wings inflate and the body hardens. This may take as little as an hour. Immediately following the fly begins to mate, beginning the cycle again with a new generation. The life span of the adult fly averages 30 days, thus providing opportunity for exponential growth of the fly population and the subsequent spread of diseases. Therefore the primary goals of a management plan must be to: Reduce the food/breeding medium to a minimum. Prevent adult flies from accessing any food/breeding mediums. Destroy any larvae that may successfully hatch. Fly Food/Breeding Mediums Found at Duck Barns: The most popular attractions for flies In and around the duck barns are: Deposits of warm damp manure (these may be on barn floors, walkways, manure handling equipment, feed and utility cart wheels, trucks, etc.). Dead animals. Garbage cans and dump bins, Muddy areas with rotting vegetation and/or residual manure deposits and stagnant waters.