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4 Environmental Analysis 4.8 Greenhouse Gas Emissions of global climate change and, specifically, in the California legislature's passage and the Governor's signing of AB 32, which is intended to control and reduce the emission of global warming gases in California; and SB 97, which directs the Office of Planning and Research and the California Resources Agency to develop CEQA Guidelines on how local agencies should analyze and, if necessary, mitigate for GHG emissions. Construction emissions would be associated with vehicle engine exhaust from construction equipment and vehicles, vendor trips, construction worker commuting trips, and the stationary generators to be used during construction. The Project's temporary construction emissions for GHGs were estimated using CalEEMod and are presented in Table 4.8-2. The short-term construction CO2e emissions will not exceed the annual GHG threshold. The complete CalEEMod output is provided in Appendix D. Table 4.8-2. Estimated Annual Construction Greenhouse Gas Emissions CO2 CH4 N20 CO2e Total Project Emissions Emissions(metric tons)per Year Construction GHG Emissions 2,307 0.43 0.05 Global Warming Equivalence Factor 1 25 298 Equivalent CO2e Emissions' 2,307 11 15 2,333 Total Construction GHG(CO2e)Amortized Emissions over 30 Years 78 11 Equivalent CO2e Emissions=Construction GHG Emissions x Global Warming Equivalent Factor Operational Emissions Operation of the Project would generate GHG emissions through motor vehicle trips to and from the Project site, occasional use of heavy duty trucks, landscaping, waste generation, water use, and potential leakage from gas-insulated circuit breakers (area source). CalEEMod was used to calculate the annual GHG emissions based on the operational assumptions described in the Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Report provided as Appendix D of this EIR. Additionally, GHG emissions associated with SF6-insulated circuit breakers at the onsite substation were calculated based on up to 320 pounds of SF6 contained in equipment, an annual leak rate of 0.5 percent, and a GWP of 22,800. The R-134A GWP is 1,430 times that of CO2. The Project will have approximately 500 battery storage units with a leak rate of approximately 0.035 pounds of R-134A per unit. The estimated operational GHG emissions from area sources, energy usage, motor vehicles, and emergency generator are shown in Table 4.8-3. Table 4.8-3. Estimated Annual Operational Greenhouse Gas Emissions Annual Emissions(Metric Tons)per Year Operational GHG Emissions 13.6 0.2 0 0.000726 0.008 Global Warming Equivalence Factor 1 25 298 22,800 1,430 Equivalent CO2e Emissions' 13.6 4.6 0 16.6 11.44 46 Total Operational GHG Emissions+Amortized Construction GHG Emissions 124 1/Equivalent CO2e Emissions=Construction GHG Emissions x Global Warming Equivalent Factor Griffith Energy Storage Project 4.8-10 Tetra Tech/SCH 2022120675 Draft Environmental Impact Report August 2023