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Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Technical Report Griffith Energy Storage Project Table 1. State and Federal Ambient Air Quality Standards Pollutant Averaging Time - California Standards' SecondaryMethod' 1 Hour 0.09 ppm — Ozone O X070 ppm Ultraviolet Photometry 0.075 ppm Same as Primary Standard Ultraviolet Photometry 8 Hour 137 /m3 147 /m3 Respirable Particulate Matter 24 Hour 50 pg/m3 150 pg/m3 Gravimetric or Beta Attenuation Same as Primary Standard Inertial Separation and Gravimetric Analysis (PM10) Annual Arithmetic Mean 20 pg/m3 — Fine Particulate Matter 24 Hour — — 35 pg/m3 Same as Primary Standard Inertial Separation and Gravimetric Analysis (PM2.5) Annual Arithmetic Mean 12 pg/m3 Gravimetric or Beta Attenuation 12 pg/m3 15 pg/m3 1 Hour 20 ppm 35 ppm — 23 Mg/M3) 40 Mg/M3) Carbon Monoxide 8 Hour 9.0 ppm(10mg/m3) Non-Dispersive Infrared Photometry(NDIR) 9 ppm — Non-Dispersive Infrared Photometry(NDIR) (CO) 10 Mg/M3) 8 Hour(Lake Tahoe) 6 ppm — — 7 Mg/M3) 1 Hour 0.18 ppm 100 ppb Nitrogen Dioxide 339 /m3 Gas Phase Chemiluminescence 188 /m3 Gas Phase Chemiluminescence (NO2)3 Annual Arithmetic Mean 0.030 ppm 0.053 ppm Same as Primary Standard 57 /m 100 /m 1 Hour 0.25 ppm 75 ppb — 655 pg/m3 196 /m3 3 Hour _ _ 0.5 ppm Sulfur Dioxide(SOZ)9 Ultraviolet Fluorescence 1300 /m3 Ultraviolet Fluorescence;Spectrophotometry 24 Hour 0.04 ppm 0.14 ppm — (Pararosaniline Method) 105 /m3 365 /m39 Annual Arithmetic Mean — 0.30 ppm for certain areas)9 30 Day Average 1.5 Ng/m3 — — — Lead(Pb)10•11 Atomic Absorption Calendar Quarter — 1.5 pg/M3s Same as Primary Standard High Volume Sampler and Atomic Absorption (for certain areas) Visibility Reducing Particles12 8 Hour See footnote 12 Beta Attenuation and Transmittance through Filter Tape Sulfates(SO4) 24 Hour 25 pg/m3 Ion Chromatography 0.03 ppm No National Standards Hydrogen Sulfide 24 Hour 42pg/ml) Ultraviolet Fluorescence Vinyl Chloride70 24 Hour 0.01 ppm Gas Chromatography 26 /m pg/m3–microgram per cubic meter;ppb–parts per billion;ppm–parts per million Source:California Air Resources Board(https://ww2.arb.ca.aov/sites/defaulbfiles/2020-07/aaas2.pdf,updated 5/4/2016 and U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(http://www.epa.gov/air/criteria.html,accessed September 20211 1 California standards for ozone, carbon monoxide(except Lake Tahoe),sulfur dioxide(1 and 24 hour), nitrogen dioxide, suspended particulate matter(Wo,and PM2.5)and visibility reducing particles,are values that are not to be exceeded.All others are not to be equaled or exceeded. California ambient air quality standards are listed in the Table of Standards in Section 70200 of Title 17 of the California Code of Regulations. 2 National standards (other than ozone, particulate matter, and those based on annual arithmetic mean) are not to be exceeded more than once a year. The ozone standard is attained when the fourth highest eight-hour concentration in a year,averaged over three years,is equal to or less than the standard.For PM1o,the 24-hour standard is attained when the expected number of days per calendar year with a 24-hour average concentration above 150 ug/m3 is equal to or less than one.For PM2.5,the 24-hour standard is attained when 98 percent of the daily concentrations,averaged over three years,are equal to or less than the standard. Contact the EPA for further clarification and current national policies. 3 Concentration expressed first in units in which it was promulgated. Equivalent units given in parentheses are based upon a reference temperature of 25 degrees Centigrade and a reference pressure of 760 torr. The torr(symbol:Torr)is a non-SI unit of pressure with the ratio of 760 to 1 standard atmosphere,chosen to be roughly equal to the fluid pressure exerted by a millimeter of mercury,i.e.,a pressure of 1 Torr is approximately equal to one millimeter of mercury.Most measurements of air quality are to be corrected to a reference temperature of 25 degrees Centigrade and a reference pressure of 760 torr,-ppm in this table refers to ppm by volume,or micromoles of pollutant per mole of gas. 4 Any equivalent procedure which can be shown to the satisfaction of the CARB to give equivalent results at or near the level of the air quality standard may be used. 5 National Primary Standards:The levels of air quality necessary, with an adequate margin of safety to protect public health. 6 National Secondary Standards:The levels of air quality necessary to protect the public welfare from any known or anticipated adverse effects of a pollutant. 7 Reference method as described by the EPA.An"equivalent method"of measurement may be used but must have a"consistent relationship to the reference method"and must be approved by the EPA. 8 To attain the 1-hour national standard,the 3-year average of the annual 98th percentile of the 1-hour daily maximum concentrations at each site must not exceed 100 ppb.Note that the national 1-hour standard is in units of ppb.California standards are in units of ppm. To directly compare the national 1- hour standard to the California standards the units can be converted from ppb to ppm.In this case,the national standard of 100 ppb is identical to 0.100 ppm. 9 On June 2,2010,a new 1-hour SO2 standard was established and the existing 24-hour and annual primary standards were revoked. To attain the 1-hour national standard,the 3-year average of the annual 99th percentile of the 1-hour daily maximum concentrations at each site must not exceed 75 ppb. The 1971 SO2 national standards(24-hour and annual)remain in effect until one year after an area is designated for the 2010 standard,except that in areas designated nonattainment for the 1971 standards,the 1971 standards remain in effect until implementation plans to attain or maintain the 2010 standards are approved. 10 CARB has identified lead and vinyl chloride as'toxic air contaminants'with no threshold level of exposure for adverse health effects that are determined. These actions allow implementing control measures at levels below the ambient concentrations specified for these pollutants. 11 The national standard for lead was revised on October 15,2008, to a rolling 3-month average. The 1978 lead standard(1.5 Ng/m3 as a quarterly average)remains in effect until one year after an area is designated for the 2008 standard, except that in areas designated nonattainment for the 1978 standard, the 1978 standard remains in effect until implementation plans to attain or maintain the 2008 standard are approved. 12 In 1989, the Air Resources Board converted both the general statewide 10-mile visibility standard and the Lake Tahoe 30-mile visibility standard to instrumental equivalents, which are"extinction of 0.23 per kilometer"and"extinction of 0.07 per kilometer"for the statewide and Lake Tahoe Air Basin standards,respectively. OTETRA TECH 9 July 2023