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Guidelines For Loading Trays Sterilizer loading is critical to effective sterilization. Protective coverings designed to be used in steam sterilization processes should be used to help en- sure that items retain sterility until used. A proper load for a sterilizer is deter- mined by the number of items to be sterilized, their characteristics, and how they are prepared and positioned within the sterilizer. A single large item may be the maximum load for that type of item while the maximum load for very small items may contain hundreds of items. Large and small items can be in- cluded in the same load. The sterilization process will be effective if items are properly prepared and positioned, so they get adequate contact with steam for the correct amount of time. The M9 sterilizers are equipped with two large and two small trays to maximize the number of items that can be processed at one time and provide separation for better steam flow and penetration. Four properly loaded trays, as noted in the chart on page 15 (two large and two small), is the maximum load for the M9 sterilizers. General Guidelines • Sterilize jointed instruments in an open position. • Place all containers so the opening allows steam to enter and air to leave the container (containers are usually positioned on their side or with the opening Operation tilted slightly down). • Pouch or wrap items to preserve sterility after processing. Use only protec- tive coverings designed and recommended for use with steam sterilization. • Do not wrap items too tightly. Steam penetration will be affected if an item has excessive wrapping. • Do not stack trays on one another. Using Midmark's standard tray rack and trays provides proper tray spacing. • Position loads on trays with appropriate space between items. Adequate space is required between items to allow proper steam flow and drying. • Place unwrapped items on a towel or absorbent paper. • Vented liquid containers should not be filled to more than 75% of their capacity to allow for fluid expansion and to prevent overflow. Depending on the user's desired results, many different container styles may be accept- able. Careful consideration of the liquid to be sterilized should guide the user in selection and use of appropriate containers and closures. Always consult the liquid and/or container manufacturer for information on steriliza- tion. Not recommended for sterilization of liquids intended for direct patient contact.