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<br />3-17 <br /> <br />This does not appear to be a consideration for the FSL site, as there are no large land-locked bodies of <br />water in the vicinity of the site, as shown on the aerial photo map provided in Appendix E. <br />3.6 Fire Causal Event <br />Fires at landfills are either surface or subsurface fires. The potential for these fires to occur is dependent <br />on the location of the landfill relative to wildfires, management of wastes that are still smoldering, <br />accidents or arson, and availability of vegetation or fuel for a fire. <br />Subsurface Fire. The most common cause of subsurface landfill fires is an increase in the oxygen content <br />in the waste caused by air intrusion through the final cover, which increases bacterial activity (aerobic <br />decomposition) and raises temperatures creating “hot spots” that meet pockets of methane gas resulting <br />in a fire. Subsurface fires can cause damage to the landfill gas collection systems and potentially the <br />intermediate and final cover systems. <br />The FSL has a standard operating procedure for managing LFG collection systems. FSL also has protocols <br />and procedures for the operation of the landfill gas extraction wells and collection system to protect <br />against underground combustion or oxidation events. This protocol has been established to ensure wells <br />operating at an oxidization level above 5 percent are not causing a subsurface oxidation event. Based on <br />the CalRecycle document on BMPs, “A landfill’s joint technical document and/or post-closure <br />maintenance plan may contain provisions to prevent, monitor, and remediate subsurface fires. If not, <br />subsurface fires should be addressed in the CA Plan.” Since the FSL’s JTD includes such provisions, this <br />CAP does not address subsurface fires. <br />Surface Fire or Wildfire. Surface fires or wildfires have been documented to destroy or damage all or <br />portions of a landfill gas collection and monitoring system, vegetation and irrigation systems designed to <br />protect the cover system, drainage systems, and utility conveyance systems. The potential damage is <br />dependent on mitigating circumstances such as whether the structures are buried to be protected from <br />fires, and whether there are engineered mitigation measures such as fire breaks to protect against surface <br />fires. <br />The BMP for a surface fire as a causal event is to evaluate the potential damage to structures, vegetation, <br />irrigation systems, and monitoring and control systems for landfills located within or adjacent to fire <br />hazard zones determined by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE), and <br />federal, or local fire control agency as moderate / medium, high, or very high. <br />Based on the review of the San Joaquin County Fire Hazard Severity Zones (FHSZ) Map, and the CAL FIRE <br />FHSZ map, the site appears to be within a zone designated as “moderate” fire danger. Copies of the FHSZ <br />maps are provided in Appendix F. <br />The San Joaquin County’s landfill staff also has a firefighting plan to supplement local firefighting <br />resources. In addition, there are limited County-owned structures that could be damaged by a wildfire. <br />This indicates that FSL is prepared and has contingencies for wildfires. <br />If a wildfire were to spread onto the site or be initiated on site during a dry season, it is likely the dry cover <br />vegetation would provide a fuel source for the propagation of the fire. The propagation of such a wildfire <br />could damage some of the LFG piping system and surface extensions of some of the LFG wells. Because <br />of the dry grass cover, the fire could spread rapidly and extinguish itself in a short period of time after the <br />grasses are consumed. Under this condition, although some of the surface features of the LFG system