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CRA Chemical Safety Sheet • Lead Applicable Regulations Cal-OSHA Lead in Construction Standard,8 CCR 1532.1 General Locations and Forms Lead is generally found in paint,paint residues,and soils contaminated with lead paint residues,and in soil alongside highways resulting from historical use of leaded gasoline in automobiles. Lead exists as a dust,and does not volatilize unless heated above 3000oF. Routes of Exposure Lead is not absorbed through intact skin,and does not cause skin damage. Lead may enter the body through inadvertent ingestion and inhalation. Potential Hazards Lead that enters the body is distributed by blood,and may pose a risk to the brain and central nervous system(CNS),blood and blood- forming organs,urinary system and kidneys,and the reproductive system. Appendix A of the Cal-OSHA Lead in Construction Standard(8 CCR 1532.1,attached)provides detailed descriptions of lead symptoms and toxicity. Lead may accumulate in the body's tissues over time. As such,toxic effects may be observed due to a high-level short-term dose or to long-term lead exposure that is greater than the body's ability to eliminate it. High doses of lead may result in conditions such as encephalopathy,seizures,coma,and death from cardiorespiratory arrest. Common symptoms of chronic overexposure include loss of appetite,metallic taste in the mouth,fatigue,muscle weakness,nervous irritability,joint pain,tremors,numbness,and abdominal pain known as colic. Muscle weakness may result in a characteristic symptom known as"wrist drop"or"foot drop". Chronic overexposure may also result in conditions with little or no warning or symptoms such as kidney damage,and reproductive harm such as decreased fertility and birth defects. Permissible Exposure Limit 8-Hour Time-Weighted Average TWA Action Level 30 m 8-Hour Time-Weighted Average TWA Permissible Exposure Limit 50 m Medical Monitoring Medical monitoring for lead consists of testing for blood lead levels and zinc protoporphyrin levels. Medical monitoring is only required if employee exposures are over the Action level. Based upon testing results,re-testing and/or medical removal may be required. Exposure Assessment An exposure assessment must be performed for all employees who may be exposed to lead. This assessment may consist of a calculation, exposure air sampling,reliance upon recent similar work,or may be based upon the work activities,otherwise known as"trigger activities". Safe Work Practices Safe work practices for work around lead for most of CRA's work will consist of efforts to control airborne dust to prevent inhalation exposures, and personal hygiene practices to control inadvertent ingestion. Examples of these practices include use of water spray; prohibitions against dry sweeping,use of compressed air,and shaking out of clothes;the use of HEPA vacuums to provide housekeeping; and provision of convenient hand washing facilities to employees. Protective Equipment and Respirators Protective equipment and respirators are only required if exposures will be above the PEL. In this case,coveralls and respirators fitted with P100 filters(HEPA)must be used. Respiratory protection use must be in accordance with CRA's Respiratory Protection Program. Training Requirements All employees who may be exposed to lead on site must receive lead hazard awareness training,and receive a copy of Appendices A and B of the Cal-OSHA Lead Standard. Signs and Postings Projects where lead-contaminated materials may be contacted should post Proposition 65 warning signs.If exposures may exceed the PEL, the Regulated Area sign described in the Lead Standard must be posted.