|
:UTOMOT= GASC ___M' 6i-30
<br /> ,i:�8ihy�,„h„ enzenes ,
<br /> The crimethylbenzenes occur in 3 isomeric forms.'°,'kThe 1,3,5-L,so'mer
<br /> (meaxtylene) and the 1.2,4-Isomer (pseudocumene) are toxicologically
<br /> similar. , High,`r,-vapor, concentrations, (5000-9000ppm) cause ' CNS
<br /> depression in anL=als. Lass of reflexes was seen 'in mice exposed to
<br /> 6130-9140 ppm of the 1,2.4-isomer or 8130 ppm of the 1,3,5-isomer
<br /> Rats exposed to 1700 ppm of an isomeric mixture for 10-21 days had no
<br /> adverse-effects or fatalities: - - j
<br /> intraperitoneal dosa-of-tha—l;2-4—isomer-for-the guinea ---- -
<br /> pig is 1.788 g/kg, while rhe fatal dosa of the' 1;'3,5'-isomer by the same
<br /> route is "1.5-2 g/kg 'for,'the'xrat. Fo= ',the •l,2,3`='isome=,N `an- oral
<br /> ''L.DLo of
<br /> 5000 m `q`
<br /> g/kg,� haa been reported in the' Trimathylbenzene ls.quLd is a
<br /> primary skin irritant. DiposLtion into the, lusigs causes pnelumonztis at
<br /> rhe site'Qf,contact 2
<br /> ,
<br /> � � r '�'
<br /> The z only report a of ,`human'+` exposure described symptoms of
<br /> Art! Ni � cb � .{F F*�, � � '
<br /> neivousness,`}s,tension, `anxi`ety„ of -
<br /> asthmatic bronchitis. a hypochromic' anemia
<br /> and changes ; in the coagulability, of the blood, ', Vapor concentrations ,
<br /> ranged from 10-60 ppm. , Exposure was co a mix' 61re containing 308 of the
<br /> 1.3,5-,isomer,and 508; of the 1,2,4x-isomer ,(2;12) .
<br /> Naphthalene
<br /> d phi$ '”" ! � Y
<br /> Ingestion orFprolonged inhalation of naphthalene produces4�nausea.
<br /> yomLting{'aizd disorientation: It'�is irritating °rto 'thegskin and eyes and
<br /> pro longed'vapor exposure has' led',to cataract,''formation in h=ans 4'(17)
<br /> Hemolytic anemia is` the most severe effect' associated with napachalene
<br /> e=poaure,'' buz' this' affect, seen predominantly �Ln individuals with an
<br /> enzyme deficiency "(54) abs�i
<br /> Y Ij AI,
<br /> G
<br /> asoHnei 3i�"� w� s °,`�
<br /> 1, f,� y' a� .t ^-.r r� i� ;v�
<br /> �! ��
<br /> Additive, , used in automotive gasoline are ' listed in Table 65-2
<br /> The toxicological informicion which was available is outlined below
<br /> Tetrszechvi lgad (TEL)
<br /> Acute exposure to TEL causes symptoms of headache. anxiety,
<br /> insomnia. fatigue and appetite loss (38) . The more severe effects are
<br /> seizures and acute metabolic encephalopathy which is characterized by
<br /> hallucinations, disorientation, violence and paranoia (2277) The
<br /> contribution of ITEL to the short-term effects of gasoline inhalation is
<br /> not clear. 5• It � is not known if the ' amount inhaled during a single
<br /> episode of 'gasoiins "sniffing" y is sixfficient to cause the
<br /> hallucinations and behavLor'al changes caused by TEL alone or if TEL
<br /> pccentiates4 'the short'-term, effects of other volatile hydrocarbons
<br /> present , in gasoline, however, the long`-term effects are currently
<br /> considered to be due to STEL (2277) The oral LD., in the rat is 14
<br /> mg/kg` (19) . More information on TEL can be found in Chapter 54 of the
<br /> Installation Restoration Program Toxicology Guide, Volume 2
<br /> 6/87
<br /> 5' l
<br />
|