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v 20 October 2011 AGE-NC Project No. 96-0236 Page 2 of 7 the performance of a limited field scale ISCO feasability pilot study. Prior to selection of the best available technologies, AGE has evaluated three potential ISCO alternatives. A summary is provided below. 3.1. EXPLANATION OF IN-SITU CHEMICAL OXIDATION Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) refers to a set of treatment options used to remediate organic and inorganic wastes from water.AOP are commonly used to remediate gasoline from underground fuel tank leaks and to treat wastewater.The most predominant radical found in the reaction is the hydroxyl radical. The hydroxyl ion generally grabs hydrogen atoms from the organic molecules in contaminated waters and causes organic molecules to become unstable and eventually breakdown. The end product of these reactions is generally small amounts of mineral acid from halogens, nitrogen or sulfur present in soil or ground water, bicarbonate, and water. In general six common AOP are used in industry to remediate hydrocarbons in soil and ground water: ozone, hydrogen peroxide, Fenton's reagent (generally a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and acid), brand named RegenOxT°°, Oxygen Release Compound - Advanced®(ORC-advanced O)and persulfate. For the site, hydrogen peroxide/modified Fenton's reagent, ORC-advanced ® and RegenOxTm have been chosen for evaluation based on the lateral and vertical extent of residual hydrocarbons in soil and ground water and based on sample concentrations reported during historical site investigations. Figures 3 through 6 illustrate the estimated adsorbed and dissolved hydrocarbon plumes in cross- sectional view. 3.1.1. Hydrogen Peroxide/Modified Fenton's Reagent Hydrogen peroxide is widely used in the environmental industry to remediate hydrocarbon impact to soil and ground water. Hydrogen peroxide is a compound with an oxygen-oxygen single bond and is the simplest peroxide and oxidizer. Hydrogen peroxide is a clear liquid, which is slightly more viscous than water. Hydrogen peroxide is generally supplied in a semi-diluted form known as 35% industrial grade. At this dilution the hydrogen peroxide is highly reactive when making contact with organics such as gasoline range organics. Hydrogen peroxide is typically applied in a slightly more diluted form and can also be mixed with a simple acid such as muriatic or sulfuric acid to create Fenton's Reagent. Hydrogen peroxide mixtures are generally applied to the subsurface by either pressure injection, into fixed wells or borings, or by gravity feeding,which is generally conducted in a fixed well application only. Adwnced GcaEnvironmen[al,Inc.