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Three wetland(Corps jurisdictional)plant communities and two upland plant <br /> communities were identified within the project area: tidal emergent marsh, wetland <br /> riparian, wetland riparian/emergent marsh, upland riparian, and dredge spoil. These plant <br /> communities are further described below. <br /> Wetland Habitats <br /> Tidal Emergent Marsh. This habitat type is defined as those areas dominated by <br /> cattails (Typha latifolia)and bulrush (Scirpus acutus). These areas were often <br /> contain small open water channels. Water depths are directly related to tidal <br /> fluctuation and range from no surface water on the lowest tides to approximately <br /> three feet on high tides. Tidal emergent marsh areas are found between the levees <br /> and the adjacent deep-water channel as well as within the island. <br /> Wetland Riparian. This habitat type is defined as those areas dominated by <br /> hydrophytic, woody vegetation such as black willow (Salix goodingii), Arroyo <br /> willow (Salix lasiolepus), dogwood(Cornus sericea), and Fremont's cottonwood <br /> (Populus fremontit). The mid and understory of the wetland riparian habitat is <br /> dominated by California blackberry (Rubus ursinus),Himalaya berry (Rubus <br /> discolor), sedge (Carex sp.) and creeping wildrye (Leymus triticoides). These <br /> areas are typically not inundated for extended periods but have very high water <br /> tables (less than 20 inches below the surface)most of the year. <br /> Wetland RipariamEmergent Marsh. This habitat type is defined as those areas <br /> located in the transition zone between the wetland riparian and the tidal emergent <br /> marsh. These areas are dominated by both hydrophytic woody species such as <br /> dogwood and willows and emergent marsh species such as cattail and tules. <br /> These areas are typically topographically positioned slightly below the high tide <br /> level. <br /> Upland Habitats <br /> Upland Riparian. This habitat type is defined as those areas dominated by the <br /> same hydrophytic woody plant species observed within wetland riparian areas. <br /> Upland Riparian areas are topographically positioned well above the high tide <br /> level and therefore are not frequently inundated or have high water tables. <br /> Upland riparian areas are found along the remnant levee tops, around the existing <br /> campsite on the southern tip of the island, and in a narrow strip north of the <br /> dredge spoil area. <br /> Dredge Spoil. This area was formed through the placement of river/wetland <br /> sediments during the creation of the Hog Island Cut and through normal deep- <br /> water channel dredge activities. Vegetation within the dredge spoil areas is <br /> variable depending on the date dredge material placement. Relatively recent <br /> deposition areas are dominated by various non-native herbaceous species such as <br />