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05/26/2009 13:18 9518273349, DOUGLAS KUNEY PAGE 04/10 s• eti ANAEROBIC YAGOONS De. si&n Anaorvbic lagoons are moat commonly ueed for Vou try waste trkatmpnr. Anaerobic bacteria can decompose more organic matte: p�r unit lagoon volume than aerobic bacteria and are predominantly used for treatment of concentrated organic wastes. Since the anaerobic process is not deendent on maintaining dissolved oxygen, lagoons can be much deeper and requite less surface area. Anaerobic dcoompoait-.an of poultry waste, can rRCiA 1, in the production and emission of odorous gases, primarily hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and intermediate orgaDic acids. An anaerobic lagoon can e properly sized and i managed, however, to operate with a minimum of disagreeable odvc. Ligiiir1 volume, rather roan surface area, is the basis for anaerobic lagoon design. Sizing criteria should emphasize major operational needs to control odor, minimize sludge buildup and manage nitrogen. As lagoon capacity increases, odor potential, xaLe Of sludge buildup and pathogenic organisms decrease while nitrogen losses increase. Table 1 gives suggested poultry lagoon desig-a treatment capacities for mild climates. E The minimum total capacity of an anaerobic lago6n should include the appropriate de•oign treatment capacity givan in T.%hlen {1, additional surface storage for a 25-year, 24-hour rainfall, and an additional foot of freeboard to prevent embankment overtopping. Some producersi desire extra lagoon capacity for temporary storage of rainfall and wastwater inputs and foz sludge accumulation,, Providing this additional storake extends the lagoon sludge life expectancy, provides, hAtter and more %iniforin waste treatment, and decreases the frequency of irrigation. Table I estimates poultry lagoon liquid accumulation rates, The normal wastewater stor6e capacity should be figured for at least 90 days. Sludge accumuluLlut rtes given in Tabla l should be utili.zad to design a lagoon life expectancy of 15.20 years. E Because bacterial activity increases at higher temperatures, anaerobic lagoons work best in areas without cold winters. LdIgoons in colder areas require more deslgn treatment volume. Lagoon 14sdirxg rates aro datPrmined by ` the amount of volatile solids (VS) in manure, Tabl� 2 shows the maximum Table 1. Nortb Carolina Poultry Anaerobic Lagoons, Design Criteria - ";. Bird type Unit* Average Lagoot Contents Recommended Lagoon Y, Bird Accumulation Deign Treatment Capacity Live ---- ----------- ---------- ------- Weight liquid , 1,g l minimum mean maximum lhs gala/day ft3/yx I ft3 f t3 ft3' ................. bird 4.0 4.OY---^- -----' --- 0.470.53-----I-1Q-p- _-1.2-5 15.0 Pullet per bird 1.5 0.03 0.22 I 3.8 4.7 5,6 3 * ane-time bird capacity. * Does not include fresh flush water or' account ;for lagoon seepage, No manure solids removal prior to lagoon input. 4 E f