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Pipe installation The recommendations previously made for bell and spigot joining systems (continued) should be followed. The most frequent causes of bad connections at fittings are: • movement before the adhesive is cured. Such movement either"cocks"the • joint or breaks the adhesive bond. If cocked fittings are put in service,the adhesive bond will most likely fail. • driving a fitting onto the pipe with a hammer. This damages the fitting or the taper on the pipe or both. There is no reason to use a hammer on fittings. Ameron recommends that flexible connectors be used for pipe connections at tanks and dispensers. A Oft(1200 mm)length of fiberglass pipe is also allowable per API Specification 1615. Never use metal swing joints. The proper vertical separation of lines is essential.Crossing lines should not be allowed to touch to avoid point loading the pipe. Crossovers are properly made using a tee and a 450 elbow as shown. iT rz i f Precise alignment and make-up The matched taper bell and spigot coupling does not always result in a precise and predictable insertion depth. This variation results from: • manufacturing tolerances in the fitting socket • differences in taper length when cut on the jobsite • differences of insertion when fit dry and when fit after the adhesive has been applied. Pipe testing The following is offered only as a guide to testing fiberglass pipe.The manufacturer assumes no responsibility or liability for the consequences of any testing practices. Pressuring equipment should be suited to the size of the line and the pressure required. Pumps or pressure source should have the capability of approaching test pressure on a gradual basis. Gauges should have a full scale reading of no more than twice the test pressure, i.e. do not use a 100 psi gauge for a 10 psi test. Gauges should be reliable, calibrated against a dead weight tester and zeroed for atmospheric pressure. The recommended hydrostatic test pressure is one and a half times expected operating pressure and should be maintained for at least 10 minutes. Do not exceed one and a half times the rating of the system. Check the pressure rating of all components of the system—not just the pipe—because tanks or • hoses may be rated lower than the pipe. Temperature changes can affect the pressure in the test line. In closed systems where pipe is exposed to the sun sizeable pressure increases may be 41 experienced. An overnight decrease in pressure from afternoon to early morning is normal due to temperature changes and does not necessarily 12 indicate a leak. e s