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1 <br /> 7r+ methylbenzenes <br /> The crimethylbenzenes occur in 3 isomeric forms. The 1,3,5-isomer <br /> (mesitylans) and the 1.2.4-isomer (pseudocumene) are toxicologically <br /> similar. High vapor concentrations (5000-9000 ppm) cause CHS <br /> depression in animals. Loss of reflexes was seen in mice exposed to <br /> 8130-9140 ppm of the 1,2.4-isomer or 8130 ppm of the 1,3.5-isomer. <br /> Rats exposed to 1700 ppm of an isomeric mixture for 10-21 days had no <br /> adverse effects or fatalities. <br /> The fatal intraperitoneal dose of the 1,2.4-isomer for the guinea <br /> pig is 1.788 g/kg, while the fatal dose of the 1,3,5-isomer by the same <br /> route is 1.5-2 g/kg for the rat_ For the 1,2,3-isomer. an oral LDLo of <br /> 5000 mg/kg has been reported in the rat. Trims thylbenz ene liquid is a — <br /> primary skin irritant. Deposition into the lungs causes pneumonitis az <br /> the site of contact. <br /> The only report of human exposure described symptoms of <br /> nervousness. tension, anxiety, asthmatic bronchitis, hypochromic anemia <br /> and changes in the coagulability of the blood_ Vapor concentrations <br /> ranged from 10-60 ppm. Exposure was to a mixture containing 308 of the ` <br /> 1,3.5-isomer and 508 of the 1.2,4-isomer (2,12) . <br /> Naphthalene <br /> Ingestion or prolonged inhalation of naphthalene produces nausea. <br /> vomiting and disorientation. It is irritating to the skin and eyes and 11 <br /> prolonged vapor exposure has led to cataract formation in humans (17). <br /> Hemolytic anemia is the most severe effect associated with naphthalene <br /> exposure, but this effect is seen predominantly in individuals with an <br /> enzyme deficiency (54) . <br /> Gasoline Additives <br /> Additives used in automotive gasoline are Listed in Table 65-2. <br /> The toxicological information which was available is outlined below. <br /> Tetraechvl lend (TEL) ^-} <br /> Acute exposure to TEL causes symptoms . of headache, anxiety, <br /> Insomnia. fatigue and appetite Loss (38) . The more severe effects are <br /> seizures and acute metabolic encephalopathy which is characterized by <br /> hallucinations, disorientation. violence and paranoia (2277) . The <br /> contribution of TEL to the short-term effects of gasoline inhalation is <br /> not clear. It is not known if the amount inhaled during a single <br /> episode of gasoline "sniffing" is sufficient to cause the <br /> hallucinations and behavioral changes caused by TEL alone or if TEL <br /> potentiates the short-term effects of other volatile hydrocarbons <br /> present in gasoline; however, the long-term effects are currently <br /> considered to be due to TEL (2277) . The oral LDso in the rat is 14 <br /> mg/kg (19) . More information on TEL can be found in Chapter 54 of the <br /> Installation Restoration Program Toxicology Guide, Volume 2. <br /> 6/87 <br /> s <br /> I,L <br />