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GROUNDWATER <br /> GENERAL REMEDIAL SCREENING <br /> RESPONSEACTION TECHNOLOGY PROCESS.OPTIONS EFFECTIVENESS IMPLEMENTABIL.ITY COST COMMENTS <br /> Liquid-Phase Highly effective;adsorbate removal efficiencies above Highly implementable;activated-carbon adsorption Low capital cost, None. <br /> Granular 90%are typical for organic chemicals. Currently being for nonpolar dissolved organics is an industry standard. medium to high <br /> Activated Carbon effectively used at McClellan AFB. Requires regeneration of carbon(onsite or off-she). maintenance costs. <br /> (LGAC)- <br /> Air Stripping• Highly effective;VOC removal efficiencies above 90% Highly implementable. Air stripping for VOCs is an Capital costs are None. <br /> are typical. industry standard. Effluent air stream must be treated typically low,but <br /> prior to discharge. maintenance costs <br /> can be moderate to <br /> high,depending on <br /> P eaten Uent Chemcontaminant <br /> real <br /> 7mical concentrations and <br /> off-gas treatment. <br /> Ultraviolet Irradiation! Effective destruction of VOCs. Implementable.Aqueous stream must be transmissive Moderate to high cost. None. <br /> Ozone Oxidation" to UV light(more critical for UV"drogen peroxide Light-based oxidation <br /> than UVlozone),which may require pretreating to systems have <br /> reduce turbidity. Ongoing cleaning and maintenance moderately high <br /> of UV reactor and quartz sleeves required. capital costs and can <br /> require much energy. <br /> Ancillary pretrealinent <br /> equipment also adds <br /> off. <br /> Liquid Phase <br /> Effective destruction of VOCs. Implementable,Aqueous stream must be transmissive Moderate to high None. <br /> Treatment Ultraviolet IrradiatioN <br /> Hydrogen Peroxide to UV light(more critical for UV/hydrogen peroxide capital and <br /> Oxidation• than UV/ozone),which may require pretreating to maintenance cost. <br /> reduce turbidity. Ongoing cleaning and maintenance Affected by <br /> of UV reactor and quartz sleeves required. concentrations of <br /> contaminants and <br /> pretreatment <br /> requirements. High <br /> energy cost. <br /> Aerobic Bioreeet)r5' Aerobic biological processes do not effectively degrade Difficult to implement. Extensive equipment and labor Moderate to high Screened out due to <br /> most chlorinated VOCs. requirements. capital and operations limited effectiveness <br /> cost. for chlorinated VOCs. <br /> Ex Situ Biological Effective for degrading chlorinated VOCs.Degradation Difficult to implement. Polishing of effluent stream Moderate to high None. <br /> Treatment of chlorinated VOCs is inhibited by high primary substrate may be required, capita[cost,low <br /> concentrations. operations cost. <br /> Effective with highly chlorinated VOCs only.Toxic Difficult to implement. Not widely used.Low reaction Moderate to high None. <br /> byproduct(vinyl chloride)can be produced. rates result in longer startup and treatment times. capital and operations <br /> Sensitive to changes in influent flows and cost. <br /> concentrations.Polishing of effluent stream may be <br /> required. <br /> LEGEND <br /> PutmbaDy dFerhve,Implemwtabla,and wA-effecdYe Tedvmlogy a Process Option. <br /> FIGURE 3-5(Page 3) <br /> ®TechrokgyandrwPmcmOptionScreened out wthe lastsofeldecbwness,hM mwtab ty,androrooStS. EVALUATION OF GROUNDWATER <br /> Pmcess option omsidered innovative. REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES <br /> AND PROCESS OPTIONS <br /> Beldiera Indicates Rapro nbWw Technobgy or Process Option. 'Presumptive Technology for Liquid Pha Treahnent VOC. <br /> E AIBIIL17Y STV AIR FORCERASE,CALIFORNIA <br /> ao MEE—D s MMMI <br /> CH2MHILL <br />