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Recommended Limiting Water Quality Goals for <br /> Components of Petroleum-Based Fuels <br /> Aromatic Hydrocarbons— <br /> Benzene 1.0 µg/l California Primary MCL' <br /> Ethylbenzene 29 µg/l Taste and odor threshold (U.S. EPA)' <br /> Toluene 42 µg/l Taste and odor threshold (U.S. EPA)Z <br /> Xylene(s) 17 µg/l Taste and odor threshold (U.S. EPA)' <br /> Aliphatic and Phenolic Hydrocarbons <br /> n-Hexane 400 µg/l U.S. EPA Health Advisory' <br /> Phenol (ifw ter is not ctaorinated prior to use) 300 µg/l U.S. EPA NAWQC4 (taste and odor) <br /> Phenol (ifw terisddorinetedprior totm) 5 µg/l DHS Action Level <br /> Hydrocarbon Mixtures— <br /> Diesel or Kerosene 100 µg/l Taste and odor threshold (U.S. EPA)' <br /> Gasoline 5 µg/l Taste and odor threshold (SWRCB)' <br /> Additives— <br /> Lead 15 µg/l U.S. EPA Primary MCL "action level" ' <br /> Ethylene dibromide (EDB) 0.02 gg/l California Primary MCL' <br /> Ethylene dichlorides 0.5 µg/l California Primary MCL' <br /> Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) 40 4g/l U.S. EPA health advisory <br /> Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs or PNAs)— <br /> Carcinogenic PAHs9 0.0028 gg/1 _U.S. EPA NAWQC4 (cancer risk) <br /> Acenaphthene 20 µg/l U.S. EPA NAWQC4 (taste and odor) <br /> Fluoranthene 42 µg/l U.S. EPA NAWQC4 (health effects) <br /> Naphthalene 20 µg/l U.S. EPA Health Advisory <br /> Primary MCLS are based on health effects data,but contain other information relating to technical and <br /> economic feasibility of attainment in a water distribution system. <br /> 2 Federal Register,Vol.54,No.97, pp.22138,22139. <br /> ' Health advisory=4000 gg/l fbr 5!0 day exposure. No lifetime exposure advisory has been developed. <br /> However,lifetime health advisories are normally at least ten-fold lower than 10-day advisories. <br /> Therefore,a level of 400 gg/I would be a reasonable estimate of a lifetime protective level for n-hexane. <br /> 4 National Ambient Water Quality Criteria. <br /> 5 1980 Health Advisory. Document states that the 100 gg/1 level should be health protective for 10 days <br /> of exposure or less. No lifetime exposure advisory has been developed. However,lifetime health <br /> advisories are normally at least ten-fold lower than 10-day advisories. Therefore,a level of 10 gg/l <br /> would be a reasonable estimate of a lifetime health protective level for diesel or kerosene. <br /> e McKee&Wolf, Water Quality Criteria,2nd Ed.,State Water Resources Control Board(1963, 1978)p.230. <br /> 7 Liability under Proposition 65 may exist for responsible parties where levels in water exceed 0.25 gg/1. <br /> s Also know as 1,2-dichloroethane. <br /> 9 For the sum of acenaphthylene,anthracene,benz(a)anthracene,benzo(b)fluoranthene, <br /> benzo(k)fluoranthene,benzo(gh,i)perylene,benzo(a)pyrene,chrysene,dibenz(a,h)anthracene,fluorene, <br /> indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene, phenanthrene,and pyrene,as defined in the State Water Board's Inland <br /> Surface Waters Plan. <br /> 51 13 May 1993 <br />