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Oily solid waste: • Oil-contaminated debris, (e.g., rags, wipes, etc.) • Oil-saturated booms/pads • Oil-contaminated soil • Sludge • Empty drums and containers Non-oily solid waste: • Domestic trash and garbage • Discarded equipment and construction materials • Batteries Wastes generated from the spill or response operations need to be further evaluated to confirm whether they are listed and/or characteristic hazardous wastes. Even if a waste does not meet hazardous waste listing, the facility must still determine if the waste exhibits a characteristic by testing or applying process knowledge. If such listed wastes exhibit characteristic,the waste poses an additional hazard to human health and the environment, and may necessitate additional regulatory precautions. For example,wastes that are both listed and characteristic may have more extensive land disposal restrictions (LDR) than those that are only listed. EPA decided that the characteristics of hazardous waste should be detectable by using a standardized test method or by applying general knowledge of the waste's properties. Given these criteria EPA established these hazardous waste characteristics—Ignitability, Corrosivity, Reactivity, and Toxicity. WASTE SEGREGATION & MINIMIZATION The various types of wastes have different optimal and alternative disposal methods. Therefore, it is important to: • Segregate waste by type, e.g., oily waste from non-oily wastes. • Minimize the quantity of each type of waste • Avoid mixing hazardous and non-hazardous wastes together • Label all waste containers and identify the source Segregating wastes based on compatibility with each other and preferred treatment/disposal options improves efficiency. Waste minimization is essential during spill response operations. To the maximum extentfeasible, minimization should be achieved through prevention and reduction of waste generated during cleanup. Waste management and operations personnel are responsible for making use of their field experience to identify other practical ways of minimizing waste generation by recycling, reuse, or employing different cleanup methods. • Waste prevention involves the attempt to remove materials and debris from areas that have not yet came into contact with the spill. • Minimization of waste generated during cleanup includes the conservative use of and reuse of contaminated equipment. Unnecessary use or overuse of disposable equipment and cleanup products should be discourage to the extent safely feasible. 3