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For oil/water mixtures, an effective and efficient oil recovery operation relies on the ability to decant water separated from the oil/water mixture and dispose of it. Decanting water from liquid waste will usually occur within the oil collection area at the containment and recovery site to allow recovery of additional oil. Personnel working with skimmers and recovered oil transfers should take reasonable measures to: • Separate the oil to reduce the water content and minimize the formation of emulsions • Decant the water • Remove foreign objects (e.g., solids, debris, plastics,seaweed)caught and collected during the spill cleanup operation Recovered liquid waste can be temporarily stored in leased collection vessels, barges, portable tanks, or tank trucks prior to disposal. Following are additional guidelines for reducing waste generation: • Do not mix oil, fuel, or oily waste with trash and garbage • Prevent oily waste from contaminating soil; use liners beneath drums, tanks, or cleaning operation sties • Use sorbent pads and booms until moderately saturated • When collecting oiled sand/gravel, minimize the collection of underlying or nearby clean sand and gravel • Keep containers closed when not in use • Cover areas used for storage of fuel, chemicals, and wastes to minimize the accumulation of rainwater • Do not order more chemicals/solvents than are reasonably needed; finish using one container prior to opening a new one • Examine disposal implications before using chemical additives (e.g., demulsifiers in recovered oil) • Use cleaners sparingly, even if they are biodegradable; do not use excessive amounts or flush with large amounts of water • Use wash water sparingly; ensure that hoses, valves, and faucets do not leak and are closed when not in use WASTE COLLECTION & STORAGE A number of available techniques can be used to package and store wastes prior to disposal, e.g., frac tanks, roll-off boxes, sealed-top drums, tank vessels, etc. Recovered oil, oily wastes, and any other hazardous wastes stored in containers or tanks must follow these requirements: • Store in properly sealed DOT approved containers or tanks,each affixed with an approved waste label. The label must indicate the accumulation start date. Containerized liquids shall be stored within an approved secondary containment or bermed area,which provides additional storage capacity in case of leaks. Containers must be made of or lined with materials that don't pose incompatibility with the stored wastes. • Storage of oily wastes in lagoon, pits, or surface impoundments is prohibited, unless these units are subject to hazardous waste TSDF standards. 4