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Page 2-11 SECTION 2-S17E OPERATIONS PLAN day basis. Flagmen and any person outside a vehicle in the vicinity of the working face must wear an orange vest and a hard hat. Using compaction equipment, wastes are compacted at the working face to an initial compaction of at least 1,200 pounds per cubic foot. The slope of the working face must be kept at 4:1 or flatter to ensure adequate compaction. To optimize compaction, wastes are spread onto the working face in layers with thicknesses of two feet or less. To ensure that adequate compaction is achieved, the compaction equipment is to traverse the entire length of the working face and make a minimum of four passes over each two-foot thick layer of refuse. The completeness of compaction can be judged in the field by noting when the "spring-back" of the refuse has been reduced to a minimum, or when compactor cleats do not sink into the refuse, but instead are visible "walking" on the surface. 2.1.7.3 Daily and Intermediate Cover Soils - Specifications, Quantities and Handling As required by State regulations, cover soil is spread and compacted at a minimum compacted thickness of six inches over all solid waste at the end of each working day. Cover depth should exceed six inches if necessary to completely cover the waste material. The daily cover is a major feature of a sanitary landfill and serves the following purposes: ■ Prevents vectors from feeding and breeding in and around the refuse disposal area. ■ Minimizes the potential for fires in the refuse. ■ Controls blowing litter from the working face. ■ Controls odors from the working face. ■ Complements the stormwater separation and diversion system. The daily cover soil is placed by scrapers and/or bulldozers to an uncompacted thickness of about 12 inches. Compaction of the cover is achieved by the weight of the scrapers and bulldozers passing over it. Following initial compaction of the soil cover and some infiltration of soil into the underlying waste, the compacted depth of the soil will be approximately seven to eight inches on average, which exceeds the six inch minimum requirement. In general, on-site material from cell excavation and borrow pit areas is to be used for daily cover (except in the case where the City decides to use a non-soil alternative daily cover (see Section 1.5 for discussion)). During any new excavation, soils suitable for use as liner or final cover materials should be collected and stockpiled in an area designated by the landfill operator. During construction of new cells, materials excavated from the future cells, not suitable for liner or final cover, should be excavated and placed as cover without intermediate stockpiling, whenever possible. Actual usage of daily cover soils will be monitored on a regular basis. Records of cover soil monitoring should be kept in the landfill administrative office. The monitoring will consist of: Measuring actual daily cover thickness applied (with a ruler inserted intg the cover) both before and after initial compaction and soil infiltration into waste lifts. Estimating surface area coverage. R.W.Back and Asswates city of S,=,.*.on 1811.002